美国研究　（季刊）
American Studies Quarterly

学术顾问　陈宝森　王缉思　资中筠　（按姓氏音序排序）
主　　　　编　黄　平
副主编　胡国成
执行主编　赵　梅

本期责任编辑　卢　宁　杨会军
编　　　　辑　魏红霞　罗伟清　张　超
英文摘要译审　梅仁毅　傅国英
技术编辑　李　晖
责任校对　秦　秦

编　　　　委　楚树龙　丁幸豪　韩　铁　何顺果　胡国成
　　　　　　　黄　平　姬　虹　金灿荣　李稻葵　李剑鸣
　　　　　　　梁茂信　陆建德　梅仁毅　倪　峰　倪世雄
　　　　　　　秦亚青　任东来　阮宗泽　陶文钊　王荣军
　　　　　　　王　希　王孜弘　吴白乙　徐　辉　徐彤武
　　　　　　　杨洁勉　袁　明　袁　征　张宇燕　赵　梅
　　　　　　　周　琪　（按姓氏音序排序）

　　 《美国研究》是中国社会科学院美国研究所和中华美国学会主办的学术性季刊。刊登中国学者研究美国社会各个方面的文章，包括美国政治、经济、外交、军事、科技、文化、历史、艺术、思潮等。它是中国所有从事研究美国问题的学者们的共同园地，是交流对美国的认识和理解的一个中心。

·版权所有　《美国研究》季刊·

美国研究

AMERICAN STUDIES QUARTERLY

2013年第2期（第27卷 总第106期）
2013年6月5日出版

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专题研究：美国的对外战略调整

　　美国与欧亚安全制度的构建

李海东　(9)

　　——北约东扩战略与“亚太再平衡”战略对比
美国“再平衡”战略对中日钓鱼岛争端的影响

夏立平　罗毅 (29)

　　应对霸权衰落：美国中长期战略前瞻

潘亚玲 (45)

专　　论

　　美国国防开支政策与军力增长关系探究

李　凌 (61)

　　“九三○”事件之后美国对印尼局势的反应与对策

陈长伟 (74)

　　从“大规模报复”到“有限战争”

刘　磊 (93)

　　——艾森豪威尔时期美国有关核战略的争论

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　〇中国人文社会科学核心期刊
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　〇中文核心期刊（外交、国际关系类）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　〇中国学术期刊（光盘版）全文收录期刊（CNKI）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　〇中文社会科学引文索引来源期刊（CSSCI）

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学人追思：悼念任东来教授

　　沉痛悼念任东来教授

本刊编辑部（109）

　　史料基础、学术创新与现实关怀

赵学功（110）

　　——任东来教授对美国外交史的探索
怀文抱质 彬彬君子

胡晓进（120）

　　——任东来先生的为学与为师

文献与研究

　　美国学界的公共外交研究简况

檀有志(128)

　　美国对阿拉伯世界反美浪潮研究述评

安高乐　陈海燕（144）

书　　评

　　从“接触加遏制”到“遏制加接触”

孙现朴(155)

　　——读《霸权的角逐：中国、美国及亚洲控制权之争》

AMERICAN STUDIES QUARTERLY
Volume 27　Number 2　Summer 2013

Huang Ping

Hu Guocheng

Zhao Mei

Lu Ning, Yang Huijun

Wei Hongxia, Luo Weiqing, Zhang Chao

Mei Renyi, Fu Guoying

Li Hui

Qin Qin

　　Editor
Associate Editor
Managing Editor

Editorial Assistants
Editorial Assistants

English Polishers
Editorial Technician
Proofreader

———————————————
Senior Advisers
Chen Baosen, Wang Jisi, Zi Zhongyun
———————————————
Editorial Board
Chu Shulong, Ding Xinghao, Han Tie, He Shunguo,
Ji Hong, Jin Canrong, Li Daokui, Li Jianming, Liang Maoxin, Lu Jiande,
Mei Renyi, Ni Feng, Ni Shixiong, Qin Yaqing, Ren Donglai, Ruan Zongze,
Tao Wenzhao, Wang Rongjun, Wang Xi, Wang Zihong, Wu Baiyi, Xu Hui, Xu Tongwu,
Yang Jiemian, Yuan Ming, Yuan Zheng, Zhang Yuyan, Zhou Qi

AMERICAN STUDIES QUARTERLY is published jointly by the Chinese Association for American Studies and the Institute of American Studies at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. The content of the articles in this journal should not be construed as reflecting the views of either the Association or the Institute.
MANUSCRIPTS SHOULD BE SENT TO: American Studies Quarterly at the Institute of American Studies, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (Addr. Unit A, No.158, Gulouxidajie, Xicheng District, Beijing 100720, China).

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ISSN1002-8986　Copyright 1987-2013 American Studies Quarterly
Printed in Beijing, China

AMERICAN STUDIES QUARTERLY

　　Summer 2013

Vol. 27, No. 2

FOCAL TOPIC: America's Foreign Strategy Adjustment

The U.S. and the Security Construction in Europe and

　　in the Asia-Pacific Region: A Comparative Study

　　on the Grand Strategies of NATO Eastward Expansion and

　　Rebalance to the Asia-Pacific Region

Li Haidong　 (9)

　　The Strategy of NATO Eastward Expansion and that of rebalance toward the Asia-Pacific region stem from different schools of thought and have taken on various features. The fundamental goal of pushing NATO expansion eastward by the US is to promote greater integration in Europe. The U.S. rebalancing strategy aims at shaping a balance of power in favor of the US in the Asia-Pacific region. These two strategies, formulated in the turbulent age and implemented forcefully by the US, reveal the intention of extending the security system led by the US to broader areas in the world. NATO expansion highlights the importance of NATO in transforming applicant countries' internal political structures, while the rebalance strategy works at reconstructing the regional order in the Asia-Pacific region. NATO keeps its stance on opening door to any country, including Russia. The rebalance strategy aims to constrain China from growing stronger and faster. A globalized NATO and the regional structure forged by rebalance strategy raise great possibilities of their convergence in the future. The US can maintain its hegemony through creating a world security system based on revitalizing US-led alliances both in Europe and in the Asia-Pacific area.

　　U.S. Rebalancing Strategy and Its Impacts on the Disputes

　　between China and Japan over

　　the Diaoyu Islands

Xia Liping and Luo Yi　(29)

　　U.S. Rebalance Strategy toward the Asia-Pacific region contains five levels of rebalancing: the level of global strategy, of military strategy, of alignment strategy, of military deployment, and of regional economic cooperation strategy. US policy towards the Diaoyu Islands has experienced a process from excluding the Diaoyu Islands from the territory of Japan to transferring the administration of the Diaoyu Islands to Japan privately. From 1970s to 2009, the U.S government took low profile towards the dispute. However, since 2010, the Obama Administration has pursued the rebalancing strategy, pivoting to East Asia, which became one of the important factors for Japan to “nationalize the Diaoyu Islands.” The analysis of the statements and actions of the U.S. government indicates that the U.S would like to see the continuance of disputes between China and Japan over the Diaoyu Islands, but does not want to see armed conflicts between the two countries, which may put the U.S. in an awkward position. So the U.S. government will continue its policy not taking a position on the ultimate sovereignty of the Diaoyu Islands. However, the U.S. holds that the Diaoyu Islands are under effective control by Japan and opposes any unilateral action to change the status quo. By taking that posture, the U.S. intends to prevent China from recovering the Diaoyu Islands by force, and meanwhile, it also tries to restrict Japan's intention to take further provocative action over the Diaoyu Islands.

　　Coping with Hegemonic Decline: Prospects of America's Mid- and

　　Long-term Strategy

Pan Yaling　(45)

　　Based on the analysis of the latest debates on the decline of American hegemony, the author argues that among American academic, policy, and media circles there exists, to a great extent, a consensus on American hegemonic decline. Such opinion underlies the basic assumptions of America's mid-and long-term strategy. Considering that China will become the most likely challenger and America's decline is full of uncertainty, the United States may plan a set of strategic goals in its mid- and long-term strategy rather than defining a simple strategy to cope with the decline of American primacy. Therefore, America will have great strategic flexibility, will cost less, and become more practical to maintain its primacy. With these three characteristics, America's mid- and long-term strategy needs to make three kinds of preparation, including theoretical, emotional, and opinion preparation, institutional network building, and continuous strategic rebalancing. This approach is built on the significant strategic strength America still has, but if America ignores the potential restrictions, its strength might be lost, and the United States will eventually fail to cope with the hegemonic decline.

ARTICLES

A Research on the Relationship between U.S. Defense

　　Expenditure Policy and the Growth of Its Military

　　Power

Li Ling　(61)

　　By analyzing the scale and the structure of defense expenditures in the United States since World War II, and evaluating the effect of defense spending on the growth of American military power, the author finds that it is the efficient use of the expenditure rather than the growth of defense expenditures or the change of expenditure ratios in armed services and their branches that enhances the effectiveness of American armed forces.

　　A Study on America's Response to the 30 September

　　Movement in Indonesia

Chen Changwei　(74)

　　The 30 September Movement was a watershed in the bilateral relations between the US and Indonesia. After twenty years' alienation, US officials viewed developments in Indonesia in the early 1960s with alarm. They considered Indonesia to be on the road to communism and the United States felt powerless to prevent this from happening. It was the September 30 Coup and the following turbulent events that made the US government realize its policy objectives towards Indonesia. Scholars of these events, however, are in dispute as to the extent of the direct influence of American policy on developments in Indonesia. This study, based on US official publications and declassified documents from other sources, tries to reconstruct the basic approach of US policy towards Indonesia in the several months immediately after the September 30 Coup, in the hope that it will help explain the role the US played in the mass killings following the coup, interpret the American government's response towards the radical changes in Indonesia during this period of time, and evaluate the ability and extent to which the US shaped the final outcome of the events in Indonesia.

　　From “Massive Retaliation” to “Limited War”: the U. S. Debates

　　on Nuclear Strategy under the Eisenhower

　　Administration

Liu Lei　(93)

　　In early 1954, with absolute nuclear superiority and the lesson learned from the Korean War, the Eisenhower Administration put forward the strategy of Massive Retaliation which relied on nuclear weapons to contain the expansion of the Soviet bloc. However, with the development of Soviet nuclear power, U. S. absolute nuclear superiority no longer existed. U. S. officials and civilians questioned the strategy of Massive Retaliation. Most of them provided the Limited War as the new option in the debate. Later on, the Kennedy Administration changed the strategy into the strategy of Flexible Response. The great debate played an important role in the transition of the two strategies.

In Remembrance of Professor Ren Donglai by Fellow Scholars

Deep Mourning of Professor Ren

　　Donglai

The Editorial Board (109)

　　Historical Facts, Academic Creativeness and Practical Concern:

　　Professor Ren Donglai's Contribution to the Study of

　　American Diplomatic History

Zhao Xuegong (110)

　　A Gentleman with Wisdom and Integrity:Prof. Ren Donglai

　　as Scholar and Teacher

Hu Xiaojin (120)

DOCUMENTS AND STUDY

　　American Academic Research on Public

　　Diplomacy

Tan Youzhi (128)

　　Summary of American Study of Anti-Americanism

　　in the Arab World

An Gaole and Chen Haiyan (144)

BOOK REVIEWS

　　From “Engagement and Containment” to “Containment and

　　Engagement”: A Review on A Contest for Supremacy:

　　China, America, and the Struggle for Mastery in Asia

　　by Aaron L. Friedberg

Sun Xianpu (155)