（全文见PDF版） 美国研究 AMERICAN STUDIES QUARTERLY 季刊第17卷2003年第1期3月5日出版 从应对"9*11"看美国两党的执政方式蒋劲松(7) 美国法律史研究中有关私人产权的几个问题韩铁 (30) 论美国竞选财政中的"软钱革命"赵可金朱锦屏 (48) 美国的战略性贸易政策张建新 (64) 美国老年保健计划与改革卢春玲 （81） 《美国宪法》批准史探褚乐平 （95） *** 中国文化的国际使者郑达（108） --记旅美华裔游记作家、画家、诗人蒋彝 ○书评*文评 探索美国对外关系的宪政源泉胡晓进任东来(122) --读路易斯*亨金的《对外事务与美国宪法》 当代国际关系理论批评史上的里程碑郭树勇(137) --评基欧汉主编的《新现实主义及其批判》 重建学术理想国周立红（149） --评《历史的真相》 ○学术动态 "反恐背景下美国外交战略"研讨会综述曹令军(155) ○著述巡礼(157) 《美国研究》订阅启事（156） 编后(160) AMERCIAN STUDIES QUARTERLY Volume 17Number 1Spring 2003 Wang Jisi Hu Guocheng Zhao Mei Editor Associate Editor Managing Editor Board of Advisers Chen Baosen, Chen Xiaogong, Deng Shusheng, Ding Xinghao, Dong Hengxun, Gu Guoliang, Jin Canrong, Li Daokui, Li Shenzhi, Mao Yushi, Niu Jun, Tao Wenzhao, Wang Xi, Wang Yizhou, Wu Zhan, Yang Yusheng, Yuan Ming, Zhang Youlun, Zhang Yuyan, Zhao Yifan, Zhou Qi, Zhu Shida, Zi Zhongyun AERMICAN STUDIES QUARTERLY is published jointly by the Chinese Association for American Studies and the Institute of American Studies at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. The content of the articles in this journal should not be construed as reflecting the views of either the Association or the Institute. MANUSCRIPTS SHOULD BE SENT TO: American Studies Quarterly at the Institute of American Studies, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (Addr. Dong Yuan, No. 3 Zhang Zizhong Rd., Beijing 100007, China). SUSCRIPTIONS: call (8610) 6400-0071 Fax: (8610) 6400-0021 Email: zhaomei@isc.cass.net.cn http://www.mgyj.com ISSN1002-8986Copyright 2003 American Studies Quarterly Printed in Beijing, China AMERICAN STUDIES QUARTERLY Spring 2003Vol. 17, No. 1 ARTICLES The Ruling Mode of the Republican and Democratic Parties in Light of Their Responses to Sept. 11Jiang Jingsong(7) This article scrutinizes the ruling mode of American political parties. Based on an elaboration on the characteristics of the American party system, it analyzes the process in which the 107th Congress and President George W. Bush reacted to the September 11 terrorist attacks and strengthened homeland security. The author argues that the ruling mode of American parties reflects democracy, separation of power, and checks and balances as laid down in the Constitution, a basic factor which accounts for why it can be carried out over a long period of time without change. On the other hand, the implementation of constitutional provisions should be attributed to the two parties ruling mode of democracy, separation of power, and checks and balances. Private Property Rights in American Legal HistoryHan Tie (30) There is no doubt that American laws protect private property rights. But it does not mean that private property rights are sacred and inviolable. American legal history tells us that what has been protected is not just vested rights but, more importantly, the dynamic property rights; not just private property rights but also public property rights. The laws not only protect existing property rights but also attempt to create new property rights. Whenever it is necessary, the American legal system has been ready to promote economic growth and social development by limiting private property rights. Partly because of the balance between private property rights and longterm social benefits, we have witnessed the great success of the American capitalist economy in spite of its problems. The "Soft Money Revolution" in Americas Campaign FinancingZhao Kejin and Zhu Jinping (48) Since 1980, "soft money" has been increasingly involved in American election campaigns, giving an effective instrument to political candidates. The American system of representative democracy has been seriously challenged by this phenomenon, especially because the "soft money" results in enormous political corruption. Heated debates over the legislation for soft money have continued in the United States but no agreement has yet been reached. However, the U.S. government has clearly realized that they must regulate the soft money through legislation so as to plug the holes in the democracy system. But this will take a long time to realize. U.S. Strategic Trade PolicyZhang Jianxin (64) Since the 1970s, owing to the annual trade deficit and budget deficit, with the transition to the postindustrialized society, and under strong pressures from industrial groups, the ideas of U.S. trade policy has undergone great changes. The trade policy has transformed from advocating traditional free trade or protectionism to fair trade and strategic trade policy. The changes in policy thinking were supported by the emerging new theory of international trade in the 1980s. The Japan U.S. semiconduct disputes and EuropeU.S. commercial aircraft disputes demonstrated that government intervention could change the end result of a strategic game on a market of incomplete competition. The strategic trade policy not only helps domestic manufacturers to transfer profits but also helps them to create an "external economy," therefore adding benefits to the national economy. In the 1990s, the Clinton Administration took strategic trade theory as its mainstream economics of foreign trade policy, and carried out "export dynamic" strategy. Although the U.S. government failed to eliminate the trade deficit, Americas export capabilities have increased by a big margin. The strategic trade policy has greatly contributed to the restoration of Americas international economic competitiveness. The Medicare Program and Its Reform Lu Chunling (81) The Medicare program is a major component of social insurance in the United States. Enacted in 1965, it provides health insurance to two groups of people - people of 65 and above, and disabled people. Its purpose is to increase access to quality health care by the elderly and disabled people, and to reduce their associated financial burden. In the past 37 years, Medicare has experienced reforms in terms of its benefits provided, population covered and payment system. With the fast growing population of 65 and older and a rapid rise of health care cost, a major concern about Medicare is whether there will be enough resources to meet the health care financing needs of the disabled and elderly over time. Recent studies propose various solutions to avoid bankruptcy of the Medicare program in the long run. This study examines these proposed reform plans and points out that rapidly rising cost should not be the target of the reform. A marketoriented approach to solving the Medicare financing problem could lead the reform to a wrong direction. On the other hand, proposals calling for altering the tax revenue base to allow for generating needed revenue should be a feasible and desirable alternative. A Probe into the History of the Ratification of the American Constitution Chu Leping (95) The history of the ratification of the American Constitution is an important component of the founding of the United States of America. The purpose of this essay is to examine the role of the Federalists and AntiFederalists in the course of the ratification of the Constitution through the study of the process of the ratification and the causes and consequences of the ratification of individual states. *** Chiang Yee: A Travel Writer, Artist, and Poet of Chinese origin Zheng Da(108) REVIEWS The Constitutional Origin of American Foreign Relations - Comments on Foreign Affairs and the Constitution by Louis HenkinHu Xiaojin and Ren Donglai(122) A Signpost in the Critical History of Contemporary International Relations Theory - A Review of Neorealism and Its Critics ed. By Robert O. KeohaneGuo Shuyong(137) The Reconstruction of an Idealist Academic Kingdom - A Review of Telling the Truth about History by Joyce Appleby, Lynn Hunt, Margaret JacobZhou Lihong(149) ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES A Symposium on U.S. Diplomatic Strategy against the Background of AntiterrorismCao Lingjun(155) New Books(157) Note on Subscription(156) Editors Note(160) Articles appearing in this journal are abstracted and indexed in Historical Abstracts and America: History and Life.