（全文见PDF版） 美国研究 季刊2000年第2期 AMERICAN STUDIES 第14卷6月5日出版 国会与美国贸易政策的制定金灿荣(7) ——历史和现实的考察 美国经济地位与“软着陆”的可能性探讨黄卫平 (31) 多元文化主义的起源、实践与局限性王希 (44) 论反共主义在美国产生与发展的根源刘建飞 (81) 民权运动与美国南方黑人政治力量的兴起姬虹(109) ○书评·文评 评《中国知识分子的美国观(1943-1953)》阎卫民(143) ○信息 第二届“胡绳青年学术奖”评选活动即将展开(147) ○著述巡礼(148) 《美国研究》注释体例说明(155) 编后(160) 本期责任编辑：赵梅 本杂志刊登的论文在美国Historical Abstracts and America: History and Life上登有摘要和索引。 主办单位 中华美国学会 中国社会科学院美国研究所 主管单位中国社会科学院 印刷装钉北京怀柔新华印刷厂 发行、订阅处中国社会科学院美国研究所 （100007北京张自忠路3号东院） 电子信箱 zhaomei@isc.cass.net.cn 刊号ISSN1002-8986 CN11-1170／C 国外代号Q1122 国外发行中国国际图书贸易总公司北京399信箱 定价： 国内版5.00元 国际版3.00美元（邮费在外） AMERICAN STUDIES Summer 2000Vol. 14, No. 2 ARTICLES CONGRESS ROLE IN THE FORMULATION OF AMERICAN TRADE POLICY: HISTORY AND THE POSTCOLD WAR CHARACTERISTICSJin Canrong(7) Trade policy is one of the everpresent issues in U.S. foreign policy. Since the Constitution of the United States conferred the power of governing foreign trade to Congress, it has, consequently, exerted greater influence on trade policy th an on security policy. There are three aspects of Congress role in trade polic y: first, as one of the major decision makers; second, as a supreme policy super visor; and third, as the major promoter for the “politicization” of trade issu es. This article focuses on Congress decisionmaking capacity, including the ingredients of the decisionmaking power, Congress position in the overall de cisionmaking structure of US trade, and new features in the postCold War Congressional decision power over trade. PROBING U.S. ECONOMIC STATUS AND THE POSSIBILITY OF A “SOFTLANDING”Huang Weiping (31) The discussion of U.S. “hightech bubbles” has been underway in recent years on a global scale. Under economic laws no country can escape business cycles to maintain eternal prosperity. Recession is bound to emerge sooner or later despit e the information industry and bioengineering, which have just manifested their vitality and might bring about a new round of economic prosperity for the United States. While American peoples understanding of economic laws deepens and the diffusion of advanced technologies continues, US economy may slip down. A s oftlandin g will possibly emerge in the early 21st century, and a new cycle of U.S. econom y may recur then. MULTICULTURALISM: ITS ESSENCE, ORIGINS, PRACTICE, AND LIMITATIONSWang Xi (44) The article outlines the evolution of multiculturalism as an ideology and practi ce in the United States since the 1960s and examines its wideranging applicati ons to pedagogy, historical approach, critical theory, and reform ideology. Reco gnizing the profound changes brought about by multiculturalism, the article argu es that the impact of multiculturalism both as a theory and as a practice is lim ited because of its innate weaknesses. CAUSES FOR THE EMERGENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF AMERICAS ANTICOMMUNISMLiu Jianfei (81) Anticommunism in America has its deep and complicated root causes. In addition t o the antagonism between capitalism and socialism, the politicocultural backgr ound peculiar to America is also one of the major root causes. In the eyes of ma instream American society, communism is the biggest unAmerican phenomenon. Ame ricans have a tradition of antiradicalism and communism is seen as the most radi cal revolution in human history. They regard communism as the major impediment t o the realization of “manifest destiny” that they believe in. Furthermore, rel igious impacts and mistakes made by socialist countries in their foreign policie s constitute the impelling factors causing anticommunism in the United States. CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT AND THE RISE OF POLITICAL INFLUENCE OF BLACK SOUTHERNERSJi Hong (109) The American South has undergone during the last four decades unprecedented chan ges, of which the most important ones are the rise of voting rate of black peopl e and the increase of elected black officials. The civil rights movement aroused the political consciousness of black people in the South. The Voting Right Act of 1965 ended the centurylong history of hampering blacks in the South from vo ting. Thus with voting right in their hands the Black started their change from being inferior citizens to participants in political affairs. BOOK AND ARTICLES REVIEWS COMMENTS ON CHINESE INTELLECTUALS OUTLOOK ON AMERICAYan Weimin(143) ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES CONTEST FOR “HU SHENG ACADEMIC PRIZE FOR YOUTH” TO BEGIN SHORTLY(147) NEW BOOKS(148) ON THE STYLE OF NOTES IN AMERICAN STUDIES(155) EDITORS NOTE (160) Articles appearing in this journal are abstracted and indexed in HISTORICAL ABSTRACTS and AMERICA: HISTORY AND LIFE. AMERICAN STUDIES, a quarterly, is published jointly by the Chinese Association for American Studies and the Institute of American Studies at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. The content of the articles in this journal should not be construed as reflecting the views of either the Association or the Institute.