（全文见PDF版） 美 国 研 究 季 刊 1987年第4期 AMERICAN STUDIES 第1卷 12月25日出版 试论美国宪法的限权政府原则 李道揆(7) 最高法院与美国宪法的发展 张 毅(18) 麦迪逊与美国宪法 曹德谦( 36) 美国外交决策的特点 张也白( 52) 论八十年代美国对“企业文化”的探索 王大新( 72) 美国——最大的资本输入国和最大债务国 郑伟民、黄尔勇( 91) 美国的科技进步与资本主义的发展 董乐山(109) 美国工人运动和社会主义无关吗 张友伦(120) 杰斐逊改造美国土地制度的宏图 刘祚昌(137) 美国人对自由主义的自我质疑 　　——《美国人头脑的闭塞》评介 温 洋(157) 　　 本期责任编辑: 金灿荣 编辑出版 中华美国学 中国社会科学院美国研究所 照排 中国社会科学院美国研究所 印刷装钉 北京新华印刷厂 发行、订阅处 中国社会科学院美国研究所 北京建国门内大街5号 刊号 ISSN1002-8986/CN11-1170／C@ 国外代号 Q1122 国外发行 中国国际图书贸易总公司 北京399信箱 定价: 国内版1.75元 国际版2.50美元（邮费在外） AMERICAN STUDIES Winter 1987 Vol. 1, No. 4 CONTENTS ON THE PRINCIPLE OF LIMITED GOVERNMENT IN THE AMERICAN CONSTITUTION Li Daokui (7) An exploration of the origin and development of the principle of limited government in the U.S. Constitution. It emphasizes the universal significance of the principle and views the separation of powers as the American way to implement it. It is also argued that separation of powers, as opposed to a parliamentary system, is still necessary to keep the federal government controlled. THE SUPREME COURT AND CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT Zhang Yi ( 18) In reviewing the Court's role in constitutional development and the debates it has generated, the author draws attention to three facts which many commentators tend to overlook: the Court's role has not toppled the balance of power among the three branches; its interpretation is basically in line with that by the president and Congress; and the Court has contributed to U.S. capitalist development. JAMES MADISON AND THE AMERICAN CONSTITUTION Cao Deqian ( 36) As the Father of the Constitution, James Madison was extensively involved in the preparation, writing and ratification of the Constitution. In particular, he fought tenaciously to add the Bill of Rights. He showed his dexterity in compromise. His political philosophy was pragmatism, thanks to which the Constitution was a great success. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROCESS OF FOREIGN POLICY MAKING IN AMERICA Zhang Yebai ( 52) A survey of the characteristics associated with the process of foreign policy making in the U.S. While the list is long, one feature is given particular emphasis, i.e., the power to make foreign policy, while relatively concentrated in the hands of the president and a small elite, is subject to checks from other government branches and from the pluralistic society that America is. IN SEARCH FOR A NEW CORPORATE CULTURE Wang Daxin ( 72) The 1980s have witnessed an intensified search within America's corporate world for a new corporate culture. The aim is to restore U.S. international competitiveness. This essay is a systematic analysis of the background,results and significance of this effort. THE UNITED STATES: THE BIGGEST CAPITAL IMPORTING AND DEBTOR NATION Zheng Weimin & Huang Eryong ( 91) One basic change in the flow of international capital in the 80s is that the U. S. has become the biggest capital importing and debtor nation while Japan has become the biggest creditor nation. With the uneven development of capitalist economies and politics, the U. S. economic status in the world may further deteriorate. SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS AND CAPITALIST DEVELOPMENT Dong Leshan (109) Scientific and technological progress in the U.S. has promoted capitalist monopoly, created masses of capitalized experts, facilitated the replacement of the old industry with the new, and lessened the impact of economic crises.In sum, progress in science and technology has consolidated the U.S. capitalist system. AMERICAN LABOR MOVEMENT AND SOCIALISM Zhang Youlun (120) Taking issue with some American scholars, the author argues that socialism once exerted great influence on the U.S. labor movement. It is only because of labor's own mistakes that socialist influence has declined. Socialism will regain its influence once a new road is found that fits the U. S. circumstances. JEFFERSON'S GRAND DESIGN TO REFORM THE U.S. LAND SYSTEM Liu Zuochang (137) To realize his ideal society of small farmers, Jefferson authored a two-part plan to reform the land system. The first part was to change Virginia's system of land ownership, and the second was to nationalize the Western land and distribute it in a way that would treat the Indians fairly and give each adult a fair share. Lofty as Jefferson's cause was, it finally failed because it was also too idealistic. AMERICA'S SELF-QUESTIONING OF LIBERALISM Wen Yang (157) A brief review of Alan Bloom's book The Closing of American Mind. Its significance goes beyond being a top non-fiction best-seller; it may suggest a conservative revival in the present stronghold of liberalism--universities. AMERICAN STUDIES, a quarterly, is published jointly by the Chinese Association for American Studies, and the Institute of American Studies, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. The content of the articles in this journal should not be construed as reflecting the views either of the Association or the Institute.